Acre Wood Retirement Community Case Study Essay Example for Free

Acre Wood Retirement Community Case Study Essay The pool design was not in tune with the original design, so what was promised was not delivered. Funds allotted were not fully used. Sarah’s complaint in the newspaper would create another legal issue and would invite public outcry against the organization. Ethical issues: The director was not concerned about the welfare of public even though the organization’s mission was to improve the quality of life of its residents both physically and emotionally. Lack of commitment to visit the pool and refusing to look into Sarah’s complaints were other ethical issues. A2.   The behaviour of director only promoted greed (underutilization of money), irresponsibility (refusing to visit the pool and not listening to the complaints), unethical practices (not concerned about public safety; totally against the organization’s vision) and partiality (promoting Gene who wasn’t complaining) A3.   A role model is some one who inspires, motivates and ultimately brings out the best in the follower by making him realize his own potential. Ethics are one of the key determinants of a role model. An ethical role model is one who puts his organization’s goal ahead of his personal goals, who does not promote malpractices, who is always ready to look in to matters which interest public health and welfare and one who is always ready to listen to his employees suggestion. The director had all the qualities missing which surely don’t make him an ethical role model.

People Are Sheep :: miscellaneous

People Are Sheep Every person everywhere in the United States is consumed by what the media tells them: what to do, what to wear, where to go to shop. People will swear up and down that they want to have their own identity, and they will even go to great lengths to attain it, yet, inevitably, they all fall into a â€Å"clique† with millions of others. Nobody wants to be a follower, but in terms of youth culture, nobody can really be a true leader. Nobody, that is, except the media. The American people, young and old alike, line up like sheep and follow the media shepherd wherever it leads. After a pathetic plea from my 13-year-old brother, I reluctantly agreed to take him and a few of his buddies to the mall to shop for basketball shoes. Although taking a slew of opinionated, loud-mouthed, smart-aleck teenagers shopping was not high on my priority list, spending time with my little brother was. So off to the mall we went. On the way the increasingly louder arguments over which shoes were the best made me want to drive my car straight into a tree. The one topic that kept rolling media presuaded tounges was that of the many different shoes they had seen on television. That’s when it hit me, my brother and his buddies were being led to slaughter --the mall-- by the media shepherd. As we pulled into the parking space at the mall, I barely had time to put the car in park before my crazed passengers, a pack of teenaged hooligans, barreled out of the car and raced for the door. By the time I caught up to my mob of shoe shoppers they were already in a shoe store, each with a different shoe in hand. My little brother had already strapped a pair of hideous shoes to his feet and was bouncing around the store acting like he was Kobe Bryant. I asked him if he liked the way the shoes looked, or even if they were at least comfortable, and his reply was, â€Å"who cares? Kobe Bryant wears them so they’re awesome!†. I gave the shoes a closer inspection, because if they were good enough for Kobe Bryant, they were good enough for my little brother. At least in my little brothers mind. When I peered at the price tag my knees got weak, and I nearly fell over.

Shutter Island Essay.

Shutter Island Essay. I'm going to write an essay about a film named Shutter Island which was taken from Dennis Lehane's 2003 novel which is also called Shutter Island, the film it's self was directed by Martin Scorsese in 2010. In my essay I plan to write about how important the genre and the characters is to the film and how the film makers use it to create a successful film. To give you a brief of the film I am going to use Gustav Freytag’s five part analysis, exposition; two U.S. Marshals, Edward â€Å"Teddy† Daniels and his new partner Chuck Aule, who have been sent to the Ashecliffe Hospital for the criminally insane on Shutter Island which is located in Boston Harbour to take part in an investigation about the disappearance of patient Rachel Solando, who was accused of drowning her three children. Then there’s the rising action; shortly after they arrive on the island, a storm stops them from returning to the mainland for a couple of days.Teddy soon finds that the staff are confrontational; the lead psychiatrist, Dr John Cawley refuses to hand over records of the hospital staff and Rachel Solando's doctor, Dr Sheehan who had suddenly left on vacation after her disappearance plus Teddy and his partner Chuck have been band from searching Ward C and they are also told that the lighthouse on the island has already been searched.The turning point is when Teddy begins to have migraine headaches, horrible visions of his involvement in the Dachau liberation reprisals and he also has rather disturbing dreams of his wife, Dolores Chanal who was killed in a fire set by arsonist Andrew Laeddis. Teddy decides to break into Ward C and he meets George Noyce who is another patient. George warns Teddy that Ashecliffe is performing experiments on the patients and sends the people who can’t be cured to the lighthouse to be lobotomized. When Teddy begins to leaves Gorge claims that everyone on the island, including his new partner is playing this delusional game designed for Teddy.The climax is when Teddy goes to the lighthouse and breaks into it. At the top of the lighthouse he finds Dr Cawley waiting for him. Dr Cawley explains that â€Å"Daniels† is really Andrew Laeddis, which was made up after killing his wife after she drowned their three children. According to Dr Cawley, the events that had happened over the last couple of days had been designed to break Laeddis conspiracy which was insanity by allowing him to play out the role of Daniels which was an anagram of his name. The fallen action happens whenLaeddis sits on the hospital grounds with Dr Sheehan; he calls him â€Å"Chuck† and says they need to get off the island. Dr Cawley takes this as a sign of regression so decides there’s nothing more he could do. The resolution happens when they take him away, Laeddis asks Dr Sheehan, â€Å"Which would be worse? To live as a monster, or die as a good man? † and then calmly leaves with the doct ors. The gothic setting is really important to the film in a whole as it makes us see the film for the way it is because if you have loads of flowers and bright happy colours in a mystery/horror film you aren't going to get the same effect are you?No, so all the gothic genre mixes with the plot and show's us the true effect of the genre. There are loads of gothic settings amongst the story line, for example; the island itself, hospital building, mansion, death camps, ward C, woods, cemetery, cave, the lighthouse, fog, the extreme weather, darkness, the lake, etc. But I am going to write about the main three in my opinion. The first one I am going to write about is the death camps because they hold a whole lot of darkness in their name never mind anything else.In the film we see the death camp through Teddy's dreams and we are hit with death and decay straight of the bat and then there’s dark colours mixing with greys to make the moment even darker and the whole idea is very e erie with its secrets which is important to the film because it lets us see a different side to the genre and not just the typical hidden passage ways and it also strikes up our emotions because we all know the uncanny truth about what happened in death camps.The second one I am going to write about is the extreme weather, usually there’s some of this in every gothic tale but I like how they used it in this film because they hit us with the mysterious storm and the darkness behind it which brings a very eerie feeling but while Teddy and Aule are out during this storm they run through the woods and into a cemetery where they take shelter, which is also two other factors of a gothic genre and this helps us see how dark the story is straight from the start.The last gothic setting, but the best one I am going to write about is the Lighthouse as it’s the ultimate and strongest gothic setting throughout the whole film. In my opinion this Lighthouse has the ultimate gothic fe elings in it, it holds mystery, something everyone loves but hates at the same time because the suspense kills us. It has death and decay all over it as people had died from time to time getting lobotomized, the darkness practically oozes from the Lighthouse.It’s very eerie with its location, surrounded by water and sharp rocks, away from every one which gives us an uncanny feeling about why they use it and all the dark shades of grey and black from the outside to the inside of the Lighthouse. But in the end of the film we also see it’s the place that holds all secrets and the truth, the place where the emotional extremes are held and to me that’s why it’s the most important gothic setting throughout the film. Each character in this film holds a very different type of gothic from a hero to a villain and then to a manic Byronic hero.The three characters I am going to write about give a different importance to the film, each give a different purpose from st icking emotions to making us shiver from the bottom of the spine to the top and back down again yet there’s always one you can't help feeling dramatically sorry for. The first character I am going to write about is the hero who in my opinion is obviously Dr John Cawley; he never gave up on Teddy when everyone else would have. He was willing to hold out and help him through what he had done and give him a chance to sort his life out and make something of himself.Dr Cawley did do harsh things, played tricks with Teddy’s mind, played into his second persona and even repeated stuff he had said to his wife, â€Å"Why you all wet, baby? â€Å", on the day he killed her out of revenge for his three kids but even with that considered it was all for Teddy’s benefit and I think that’s what made him such a good here character as he seemed like the villain who was covered in darkness all the way through the film until we see what he was truly doing for Teddy.This i s important to the film because it gives us a twist of guilt for hating him and it also shows a whole different side to the story. The second person I am going to write about is the villain who is Dolores Chanal whose plays the role of a murderer, a wife and a mother. But at the start we see a sweet house wife who had a very loving husband and she was murdered out of cold blood which makes us feel sorry for her because she didn't deserve it but as the story begins to unfold we find out that none of that was true and that she was mentally ill and needed real help.We feel hatred for her as she rips her family apart and kills her three young children and ruins her husband’s life but we also feel a deep sadness for her because she really lost herself to the point she couldn't control herself and she couldn't be blamed for her actions. This is the most important role in the whole film because if we take this role away there would be no film, the story would crumble without the vil lain. The last character I am going to write about is the manic Byronic hero who is Edward â€Å"Teddy† Daniels who is better known as Andrew Laeddis.There is so much to this one character that I don’t see why he never cracked up before killing his wife, he served in the second world war and he was part of the Dachau liberation reprisals which means he seen some pretty disturbing things that were filled with darkness and then he came home to a wife who was seriously ill and he knew this, â€Å"After she tried to kill herself the first time, Dolores told me she†¦ she had an insect living inside her brain. She could feel it clicking across her skull, just†¦ pulling the wires, just for fun. She told me that. She told me that but I didn't listen.I loved her so much. â€Å", which shows he loved her so much that he couldn’t just put her away so he moved to a nice lake house in the country thinking that this would cure her but it doesn’t help, nothi ng helps. So when he comes home after a hard day of work and see his kids dead in the water he loses his self and kills his wife, in a way I think he didn’t just do it out of revenge for his kids, I think he did it out of love and mercy for his wife so he put her out of her misery and because of this I can’t make myself mad at him I only feel sympathy and sadness for his loss.This all came as such a shock that he made himself a second persona were he began to hate the real him, Andrew Laeddis, he knew he killed her but he got that lost in himself that he made up the second him. All this is vital to the story as a whole because he is a maniac yet he is a Byronic hero with his troubled past and how he tries to become a better person but what really struck me is how the film makers made the last sentence in the film very deep and dark, â€Å"Which would be worse? To live as a monster, or die as a good man? , because we can see that he is totally cured yet he would rather be lobotomized to forget what he done than to face it and live with it and to me that is very dark and gothic. The film makers made this film amazingly good, each technique made us think differently to the outstanding setting to the mind-blowing characters. They used every gothic term in the book and made it into their own way and it worked out well, they defiantly deserved the award they gained for this brilliantly well-made film. In my conclusion you can see I have written why

Overview of The Seven Years War (1756 - 63)

In Europe, the Seven Years War was fought between an alliance of France, Russia, Sweden, Austria, and Saxony against Prussia, Hanover, and Great Britain from 1756–1763. However, the war had an international element, particularly as Britain and France fought one another for domination of North America and India. As such, it has been called the first ‘world war.’ The military theater for the Seven Years War in North America is called the ‘French-Indian’ war, and in Germany, the Seven Years War has been known as the ‘Third Silesian War.’ It is notable for the adventures of the king of Prussia Frederick the Great (1712–1786), a man whose major early successes and later tenacity were matched by one of the most incredible pieces of luck ever to end a major conflict in history. Origins: The Diplomatic Revolution The Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended the War of the Austrian Succession in 1748, but to many, it was only an armistice, a temporary halt to the war. Austria had lost Silesia to Prussia, and was angry at both Prussia—for taking the wealthy land—and her own allies for not making sure it was returned. She started weighing up her alliances and seeking out alternatives. Russia grew worried about the growing power of Prussia, and wondered about waging a ‘preventative’ war to stop them. Prussia, pleased at having gained Silesia, believed it would take another war to keep it, and hoped to gain more territory during it. In the 1750s, as tensions rose in North America between British and French colonists competing for the same land, Britain acted to try and prevent the ensuing war destabilizing Europe by altering its alliances. These actions, and a change of heart by Frederick II of Prussia—known by his many later admirers as ‘Frederick the Great’—triggered what has been called the ‘Diplomatic Revolution,’ as the previous system of alliances broke down and a new one replaced it, with Austria, France, and Russia allied against Britain, Prussia ,and Hanover. Europe: Frederick Gets His Retaliation in First In May 1756, Britain and France officially went to war, triggered by French attacks on Minorca; the recent treaties stopped other nations being sucked in to help. But with the new alliances in place, Austria was poised to strike and take Silesia back, and Russia was planning a similar initiative, so Frederick II of Prussia—aware of the plotting—initiated conflict in an attempt to gain an advantage. He wanted to defeat Austria before France and Russia could mobilize; he also wanted to seize more land. Frederick thus attacked Saxony in August 1756 to try and break its alliance with Austria, seize its resources and set up his planned 1757 campaign. He took the capital, accepting their surrender, incorporating their troops, and sucking huge funds out of the state. Prussian forces then advanced into Bohemia, but they were unable to win the victory that would keep them there and so quickly retreated to Saxony. They advanced back again in early 1757, winning the battle of Prague on May 6, 1757, thanks in no small part to Frederick’s subordinates. However, the Austrian army had retreated into Prague, which Prussia besieged. Luckily for the Austrians, Frederick was defeated on June 18th by a relief force at the Battle of Kolin and forced to retreat out of Bohemia. Europe: Prussia Under Attack Prussia now appeared to be attacked from all sides, as a French force defeated the Hanoverians under an English general—the King of England was also the King of Hanover—occupied Hanover and marched to Prussia, while Russia came in from the East and defeated other Prussians, although they followed this up by retreating and only occupied East Prussia the next January. Austria moved on Silesia, and Sweden, new to the Franco-Russo-Austrian alliance, also attacked. For a while Frederick sank into self pity, but responded with a display of arguably brilliant generalship, defeating a Franco-German army at Rossbach on November 5th, and an Austrian one at Leuthenon December 5th; both of which had outnumbered him greatly. Neither victory was enough to force an Austrian (or French) surrender. From now on the French would target a resurgent Hanover, and never fought Frederick again, while he moved quickly, defeating one enemy army and then another before they could effectively team up, using his advantage of shorter, internal lines of movement. Austria soon learned not to fight Prussia in the large, open areas which favored Prussia’s superior movement, although this was constantly reduced by casualties. Britain began to harass the French coast to try and draw troops away, while Prussia pushed the Swedes out. Europe: Victories and Defeats The British ignored the surrender of their previous Hanoverian army and returned to the region, intent on keeping France at bay. This new army was commanded by a close ally of Frederick’s (his brother-in-law) and kept French forces busy in the west and away from both Prussia and the French colonies. They won the battle of Minden in 1759, and made a series of strategic maneuvers to tie up the enemy armies, although were constrained by having to send reinforcements to Frederick. Frederick attacked Austria, but was outmaneuvered during a siege and forced to retreat into Silesia. He then fought a draw with the Russians at Zorndorf, but took heavy casualties (a third of his army); he was then beaten by Austria at Hochkirch, losing a third again. By the end of the year he had cleared Prussia and Silesia of enemy armies, but was greatly weakened, unable to pursue any more grand offensives; Austria was cautiously pleased. By now, all belligerents had spent huge sums. Frederick was brought to battle again at Battle of Kunersdorf in August 1759, but was heavily defeated by an Austro-Russian army. He lost 40% of the troops present, although he managed to keep the remainder of his army in operation. Thanks to Austrian and Russian caution, delays and disagreements, their advantage was not pressed and Frederick avoided being forced to surrender. In 1760 Frederick failed in another siege, but won minor victories against the Austrians, although at Torgau he won because of his subordinates rather than anything he did. France, with some Austrian support, tried to push for peace. By the end of 1761, with enemies wintering on Prussian land, things were going badly for Frederick, whose once highly trained army was now bulked out with hastily gathered recruits, and whose numbers were well below those of the enemy armies. Frederick was increasingly unable to perform the marches and out-flankings which had bought him success, and was on the defensive. Had Frederick’s enemies overcome their seeming inability to co-ordinate—thanks to xenophobia, dislike, confusion, class differences and more—Frederick might already have been beaten. In control of only a part of Prussia, Frederick’s efforts looked doomed, despite Austria being in a desperate financial position. Europe: Death as Prussian Savior Frederick hoped for a miracle, and he got one. The implacably anti-Prussian Tsarina of Russia died, to be succeeded by Tsar Peter III (1728–1762). He was favorable to Prussia and made immediate peace, sending troops to help Frederick. Although Peter was assassinated quickly afterwards—not before trying to invade Denmark—his wife Catherine the Great (1729–1796) kept the peace agreements, although she withdrew Russian troops which had been helping Frederick. This freed Frederick to win more engagements against Austria. Britain took the chance to end their alliance with Prussia—thanks partly to mutual antipathy between Frederick and Britain’s new Prime Minister—declaring war on Spain and attacking their Empire instead. Spain invaded Portugal, but were halted with British aid. The Global War Although British troops did fight on the continent, slowly increasing in numbers, Britain had preferred to send financial support to Frederick and Hanover—subsidies larger than any before in British history—rather than fight in Europe. This was in order to send troops and ships elsewhere in the world. The British had been involved in fighting in North America since 1754, and the government under William Pitt (1708–1778) decided to further prioritize the war in America, and hit the rest of France’s imperial possessions, using their powerful navy to harass France where she was weakest. In contrast, France focused on Europe first, planning an invasion of Britain, but this possibility was ended by the Battle of Quiberon Bay in 1759, shattering France’s remaining Atlantic naval power and their ability to reinforce America. England had effectively won the ‘French-Indian’ war in North America by 1760, but peace there had to wait until the othe r theaters were settled. In 1759 a small, opportunistic British force had seized Fort Louis on the Senegal River in Africa, acquiring plenty of valuables and suffering no casualties. Consequently, by the end of the year, all French trading posts in Africa were British. Britain then attacked France in the West Indies, taking the rich island of Guadeloupe and moving on to other wealth producing targets. The British East India Company retaliated against a local leader and attacked French interests in India and, aided greatly by the British Royal Navy dominating the Indian Ocean as it had the Atlantic, ejected France from the area. By war’s end, Britain had a vastly increased Empire, France a much reduced one. Britain and Spain also went to war, and Britain shocked their new enemy by seizing the hub of their Caribbean operations, Havana, and a quarter of the Spanish Navy. Peace None of Prussia, Austria, Russia or France had been able to win the decisive victories needed to force their enemies to surrender, but by 1763 the war in Europe had drained the belligerents cofferes and they sought peace. Austria was facing bankruptcy and feeling unable to proceed without Russia, France was defeated abroad and unwilling to fight on to support Austria, and England was keen to cement global success and end the drain on their resources. Prussia was intent on forcing a return to the state of affairs before the war, but as peace negotiations dragged on Frederick sucked as much as he could out of Saxony, including kidnapping girls and relocating them in depopulated areas of Prussia. The Treaty of Paris was signed on February 10th, 1763, settling issues between Britain, Spain and France, humiliating the latter, former greatest power in Europe. Britain gave Havana back to Spain, but received Florida in return. France compensated Spain by giving her Louisiana, while England got all French lands in North America east of the Mississippi except New Orleans. Britain also gained much of the West Indies, Senegal, Minorca and land in India. Other possessions changed hands, and Hanover was secured for the British. On February 10th, 1763 the Treaty of Hubertusburg between Prussia and Austria confirmed the status quo: Prussia kept Silesia, and secured its claim to ‘great power’ status, while Austria kept Saxony. As historian Fred Anderson pointed out, millions had been spent and tens of thousands had died, but nothing had changed. Consequences Britain was left as the dominant world power, albeit deeply in debt, and the cost had introduced new problems in the relationship with its colonists—the situation would go on to cause the American Revolutionary War, another global conflict that would end in a British defeat. France was on the road to economic disaster and revolution. Prussia had lost 10% of its population but, crucially for Frederick’s reputation, had survived the alliance of Austria, Russia and France which had wanted to reduce or destroy it, although many historians claim Frederick is given too much credit for this as outside factors allowed it. Reforms followed in many of the belligerents government and military, with Austrian fears that Europe would be on the road to a disastrous militarism were well founded. The failure of Austria to reduce Prussia to second rate power doomed it to a competition between the two for the future of Germany, benefiting Russia and France, and leading to a Prussian-centered Germany empire. The war also saw a shift in the balance of diplomacy, with Spain and Holland, reduced in importance, replaced by two new Great Powers: Prussia and Russia. Saxony was ruined. Sources and Further Reading Anderson, Fred. Crucible of War: the Seven Years War and the Fate of Empire in British North America, 1754–1766.  New York: Knopf Doubleday, 2007.  Baugh, Daniel A. The Global Seven Years War 1754–1763: Britain and France in a Great Power Contest. London: Routledge, 2011.Riley, James C. The Seven Years War and the Old Regime in France: The Economic and Financial Toll. Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press, 1986.Szabo, Franz A. J. The Seven Years War in Europe: 1756–1763. London: Routledge, 2013.

The Effect Of Inflation On The Economy - 822 Words

Some variables in Economics are very close related to each other. In many cases, the combination of these variables can cause an unexpected effect on the economy. One of these examples can be observed using the Phillips Curve. This curve can be used as a tool to represent the inverse relationship between inflation and unemployment in the short-run. In order to comprehend this inverse relationship, we must first know what inflation is, how we define unemployment, and how these two variables are connected using the Phillip Curve. If we understand the meaning of each one of these variables in the economy, it will be easier to comprehend the logic of a short-run tradeoff between unemployment and inflation. Inflation, in the economic, can be described as the sustained increase in the level price of goods and services over a period of time. The effects of inflation can be diverse in the economy. It can affect the economy in positives and negatives ways. One of the negative way in which inflation affects the economy is that it increases the opportunity cost of holding money, in others words, it decreases the real value of money. A high and prolonged rate of inflation can also discourage saving and investment. Inflation is told to occur when there is an excessive increase in the money supply. Although, an excessive money supply does not necessarily causes inflation. Among the positive effects of inflation in the economy, we can talk about that it allows the central bank toShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Inflation On The Economy1572 Words   |  7 Pagesexactly inflation is, what its effects on an economy are, and what the root causes of inflation are. Rampant inflation is very damaging to an economy and can have long lasting effects on the country and the World financial markets. Because of globalization the world is more interconnected than ever and in turn no economy is fully insulated from disruptions to the global markets. The difference between inflation and hyperinflation is also discussed. As the title states, inflations damaging effects on savingRead MoreInflation And Its Effect On The Economy1197 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Inflation is an aspect of macroeconomic instability and is a rise in the general level of prices in an economy. When inflation occurs, every dollar of income buys fewer goods and services than before and reduces the purchasing power of money. Inflation doesn’t always mean all prices are rising, and during periods of rapid inflation some prices may be constant and others may fall. It is measured by the Consumer Price Index (CPI), the two types are demand-pull and cost-push, and affectsRead MoreInflation And Its Effect On The Economy1217 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Inflation is another aspect of macroeconomic instability and is a rise in the general level of prices in an economy. When inflation occurs, each dollar of income will buy fewer goods and services than before and reduces the purchasing power of money. **Inflation does not mean that all prices are rising and during periods of rapid inflation, some prices may be relatively constant while others may fall. Almost all prices are set by supply and demand, and if the economy experiences inflationRead MoreEffects Of Inflation On The Economy1212 Words   |  5 Pagesinfluences that cause inflation such as energy, food, commodities, and other goods and services. The entire economy is affected by rise of the cost of living. It also affects the cost of operating a business, borrowing money, mortgages, corporate and government bond yields, and every other aspect of the economy. There are several advantages of inflation in the economy. Some include moderate rates of inflation which allows price s to adjust. This is considered a sign of a healthy economy. With economic growthRead MoreInflation And Its Effect On The Economy1200 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Inflation is another aspect of macroeconomic instability and is a rise in the general level of prices in an economy. When inflation occurs, every dollar of income will buy fewer goods and services than before and reduces the purchasing power of money. Inflation doesn’t always mean all prices are rising, and during periods of rapid inflation some prices may be constant and others may fall. Measured by the Consumer Price Index (CPI), the two types are demand-pull and cost-push, andRead MoreInflation And Its Effect On The Economy1617 Words   |  7 PagesInflation is defined as the sustained increase in the general price levels of goods and services over a period of time. When the price level rises, each unit of a currency purchases fewer goods and services, reflecting a reduction in purchasing power per unit of currency. Every economy experiences inflation through the business cycle, which is defined as the natural fluctuation in economic activity between inflation (expansio n), and recession (contraction). Inflation is not necessarily a negativeRead MoreInflation And Its Effect On The Economy1532 Words   |  7 PagesInflation is the rate in which the prices and services are rising above zero percent, which involves a declining value in the power of currency. While deflation is when the inflation rate goes below zero, making it a negative inflation rate. â€Å"Inflation has a direct impact on the investment environment; a rising or declining inflation rate can shift the balance of investment returns between stock, bonds, and other alternatives† (Little, 2010). An economy having zero inflation will eventually resultRead MoreInflation And Its Effects On The Economy2825 Words   |  12 PagesGlobal economy has been changing significantly in past several decades which has been affected by the goods and services in the national borders leading to the movement of the country up and down in the international system economically. The economy of the co untry is strictly hit by two important factors that are: deflation and inflation. Deflation can be defined as the decrease in the price of the goods or services provided. In the other hand, inflation can be defined as the increase in the priceRead MoreThe Effects Of Inflation On The Economy1129 Words   |  5 Pagesago, many economists did not believe that inflation –the escalation of prices that makes the money to be less valuable in the market- (Newnan, Eschenbach, Lavelle, 2014) could rise together with unemployment because they stood in the wide belief of a direct relation between economic growth and employment. That is to say that when the nation’s economy is in its healthy moments, the rate of unemployment will decrease, and in the other part the inflation will increase because people have more incomeRead MoreThe Effects of Inflation in Malaysian Economy Essay645 Words   |  3 PagesInvestment will drop because inflation. There may be greater uncertainty for both firms and households when inflation. Firms become unsure of what their costs will be and what prices they will receive from selling their products in the future so may be reluctant to invest. The good timing for company to grow their business is when the economic conditions is at low inflation (Inflation, n.d.). This is easy for businesses to have a well planning for their activities and investments. Most of the time

George Orwell s 1984 And Modern Day Society - 1504 Words

College Tuition Imagine college graduation day, walking down the aisle to receive a diploma that one has worked towards for their entire life. However, the moment is bittersweet because one’s education has put him/her into thousands of dollars in debt by the high tuition prices of colleges and loans to the government. Dehumanization by the totalitarian government in the book 1984 by George Orwell is similar to the dehumanization in modern society between the government and colleges onto the student through high tuition costs and overpowering government control which causes loss of opportunity. The concept of dehumanization occurs in the book 1984 and in modern day society with a restriction on choices. In 1984 Winston Smith’s limitations were to either perform deliberations and actions against the Party with the fear of getting caught every day or to hide his thoughts and feelings. Due to Winston’s confined choices he made up his mind on the day when he opened u p his journal and wrote â€Å"DOWN WITH BIG BROTHER† in all capital letters. Winston then continued to act against the party and not hide his actions â€Å"but for a moment he was tempted to tear out the spoiled pages and abandon the enterprise altogether. But he did not do so† (Orwell 18-19). Winston knew his acts against the Party were jeopardizing, but due to the dehumanizing government he could no longer hold back his feelings for the Party which effectuated the confined choices that he could make. The limitations onShow MoreRelatedGovernment Surveillance And Totalitarianism In George Orwells 19841593 Words   |  7 PagesThe Correlation of Government Surveillance and Totalitarianism in 1984 During the production of 1984, author George Orwell never envisioned a tangible reality housing the society he constructed. He wrote the novel as a warning, a cautious exposà © showing those what could happen if society lost its sense of humanity; housed in a painfully relevant satire of totalitarian barbarism. In his novel 1984, George Orwell addresses the issue of government surveillance through his strategic use of point of viewRead MoreAnalysis Of Annabel s Annabel 1696 Words   |  7 Pagespurpose that it was intended too. Stacey empathizes that Winters novel really puts gender and gender identity into perspective and that Winter put a lot of love into all of her characters. Making them believable and relatable especially in relation to modern day sexism. Everything from Stacey D’erasmo’s review is nothing but praise toward Kathleen winters novel and its symbolism of freedom. Review Number 2: O’Grady Carrie. (2011). Annabel by Kathleen Winter – Review. Retrieved October 24, 2017, fromRead More1984 vs Today Essay857 Words   |  4 Pages1984, a novel by George Orwell, represents a dystopian society in which the people of Oceania are surveilled by the government almost all the time and have no freedoms. Today, citizens of the United States and other countries are watched in a similar way. Though different technological and personal ways of keeping watch on society than 1984, today’s government is also able to monitor most aspects of the people’s life. 1984 might be a dystopian society, but today’s condition seems to be moving towardsRead More George Orwells 1984 Essay1690 Words   |  7 PagesGeorge Orwells 1984   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  War is Peace. Freedom is slavery. Ignorance is strength. These are the beliefs that the citizens of Oceania, in the novel titled 1984, written by George Orwell, live by. In this novel, Oceania, one of the three remaining world super powers, is a totalitarian, a society headed by Big Brother and his regime, known as the ministries of Truth, Love, and Peace. A totalitarian government is defined as a government characterized by a political authority which exercisesRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s Dystopia 881 Words   |  4 Pageswritten and published in 1949 by Secker and Warburg. Its name being â€Å"1984† by George Orwell. â€Å"Big brother is always watching,† the language the author utilizes drops subtle hints from time to time about what could possibly happen in the real world in near future. 1984 still remains one of the most intense and powerful warning signals about the peril of total government control. The time period 1984 was inspired in is crucial to its plot. It was inspired around WorldRead More George Orwells 1984: Unmasking Totalitarianism1749 Words   |  7 Pagesfilled with hope. When failures of the past and present problems collide together, the future is often seen as a place of hope. This mindset was no different in Britain during the mid 20th century, especially in the late 1940’s. World War II had finally ended, the days of fighting Nazi Germany was behind everyone but present circumstances were bleak. Britain was still recovering from the effects of World War II and handling the transition of a new socialist democratic government. From the eastRead MoreFreedom vs Security - George Orwell, 19842554 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Freedom vs. Security: 1984, a Mirror of Today’s Governments and their Methods of Mass Control Tanks to technology and, mostly, its applications in the field of communication, governments and business corporations from all around the world have now more power than ever to track and influence what we buy, what we listen to, what we read, what we watch and, ultimately, what we believe. Recent terrorist threats and armed conflicts that have taken place around the globe have prompted a general feelingRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s 19841377 Words   |  6 PagesIn humanity, there are leaders who feel that taking control over their nation can help to improve their society. However, citizens in those particular societies, have diverse opinions as to their laws and regulations that they are required to follow. With this, every nation has its own particular government, or leader. A government’s role is to regulate and organize their nation, along with their citizens. There are various types of governments, such include democracy, oligarchy, and more specificallyRead MoreG eorge Orwell s Novel, 19841242 Words   |  5 PagesIn the novel, 1984, George Orwell describes a dystopian future in which the citizens are living under the control of a totalitarian regime. The â€Å"Party†, Orwell’s version of the modern day government, used their power to keep constant surveillance of the citizens, censor information, and manipulate the people. Through the use of telescreens and microphones, the Party was able to watch and listen to the citizens whenever they were in range. Party members were also responsible for the systematic destructionRead More1984 Manipulation Essay980 Words   |  4 PagesGeorge Orwell, the author of the classic novel 1984, presents scheming and manipulation as the norm in the State of Oceania. Modern day dystopia can be represented in religion as some worship things such as money over their God. Also, smartphones have become an obsession in modern day society. According to Tim Elmore, author of the article Nomophobia: A R ising Trend in Students, approximately 66% of people sleep with their phone in their bed which shows how attached individuals are to their electronics

Air Pollution in Malaysia free essay sample

In the fourteenth and fifteenth century, British tax assessors used ownership or occupancy of property to estimate a taxpayer’s ability to pay. In time the tax came to be regarded as a tax on the property itself. In the United Kingdom the tax developed into a system of rates based on the annual (rental) value of property. The growth of the property tax in America was closely related to economic and political conditions on the frontier. In pre-commercial agricultural areas the property tax was a feasible source of local government revenue and equal taxation of wealth was consistent with the prevailing equalitarian ideology. When the Revolutionary War began, the colonies had well-developed tax systems that made a war against the world’s leading military power thinkable. The tax structure varied from colony to colony, but five kinds of taxes were widely used. Capitation (poll) taxes were levied at a fixed rate on all adult males and sometimes on slaves. We will write a custom essay sample on Air Pollution in Malaysia or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Property taxes were usually specific taxes levied at fixed rates on enumerated items, but sometimes items were taxed according to value. Faculty taxes were levied on the faculty or earning capacity of persons following certain trades or having certain skills. Tariffs (imposts) were levied on goods imported or exported and excises were levied on consumption goods, especially liquor. -1- During the war colonial tax rates increased several fold and taxation became a matter of heated debate and some violence. Settlers far from markets complained that taxing land on a per-acre basis was unfair and demanded that property taxation be based on value. In the southern colonies light land taxes and heavy poll taxes favored wealthy landowners. In some cases, changes in the tax system caused the wealthy to complain. In New York wealthy leaders saw the excess profits tax, which had been levied on war profits, as a dangerous example of leveling tendencies. Owners of intangible property in New Jersey saw the tax on intangible property in a similar light. By the end of the war, it was obvious that the concept of equality so eloquently stated in the Declaration of Independence had far-reaching implications. Wealthy leaders and ordinary men pondered the meaning of equality and asked its implications for taxation. The leaders often saw little connection among independence, political equality, and the tax system, but many ordinary men saw an opportunity to demand changes. MALAYSIA TAXATION The property tax is a compulsory contribution to be paid by the taxpayer, where the taxpayer in return will receive benefits from the local authorities in the form of tangible and intangible services, community facilities, infrastructures and development projects for their enjoyment . In the context of property tax, enforcement of the tax is intended as a tool to drive the development of areas administered by local authorities. Property tax imposed on the taxpayer is given back by local authorities in the form of services in their respective administrative areas. The imposition of property tax is related to the role of local authorities in developing the area and providing the necessary services and facilities. According to Section 127 to section 163 of the Local Government Act 1976, local authorities are empowered to impose property tax on property owners to carry out the functions and roles of local authorities as an organization which has autonomy over the local populace. The local authorities should ensure that the management of tax collection can be implemented effectively in the development process and services provided appropriately . -2- Local authorities have important responsibilities in carrying out their functions and roles, especially in property tax management to ensure the welfare and amenity of residents can be realized. If the local authority is weak and incompetent in handling the management of the property tax it would certainly affect the results of tax collection which is to be used as financing development projects and services provided. In addition, the arrears in property taxes will increase due to poor management and will burden the local authorities. This will have an impact on the quality of work and services performed. The prevalent issue of lower tax revenue in local authorities throughout the country continues to pose a very serious predicament. Complete procedures which have been established in the provisions of the Act will guide local authorities in managing the property tax but the property tax collection performance is still under unsatisfactory level. For example, according to the Economic Report of the Ministry of Finance, revenue of the collection performance in local authorities throughout the country showed a worrying decline in the rate of decrease of 11. 7% recorded in 2007 and 0. 3% in 2008. The implications of the tax reduction has resulted in a deficit spending of RM75 million and RM1,179 million in 2007 and 2008 due to the higher prevailing costs. Collection of property tax revenue statistics generally show the majority of Malaysian local authorities collect property tax of less than 70% of the total taxable amount, while for the collection of property tax arrears show only within 30%-50%. As an example, local authorities in the state of Johor and Kuala Lumpur City Hall (Dewan Bandar Raya Kuala Lumpur, DBKL) showed that the amount of property tax arrears recorded amounted to about RM168 million and RM435 million in 2009 and this is certainly an issue of concern. This depicts the overall situation of property tax performance of local authorities in Malaysia which is in a poor condition and has not reach a satisfactory level, where the country’s agenda has set the target and vision to encompass about 70% of communities in Malaysia will be living in municipal areas in the year of 2020. -3- TYPES OF PROPERTY TAX IN MALAYSIA Tax on property was introduced in 1974 under the Land Speculation Tax Act. This was subsequently replaced with the Real Property Gains Tax Act in November 1975. Although in existence since the mid-70s, the Government pro-actively adjusted the rates of the RPGT through the years to cater to the property market conditions. It’s natural for most people to react to the reintroduction of RPGT, having enjoyed full exemption for a few years previously, however, compared to the original rates of RPGT which range up to 30%, the recent hike of up to 10% is actually quite mild. There are several types of property tax in Malaysia and they are as follows . A) Assessment tax B) Quit rent C) Capital gain tax D) Inheritance tax E) Others tax A) ASSESSMENT TAX : Assessment tax is a type of local tax which is only applicable on the residential property. Rate of assessment tax is based on the yearly rental amount of the property on rent. This tax is assessed by the local authorities. Rules and regulations of the assessment tax are as follows : Usually assessment tax has a flat value of 6%. This assessment tax is to be paid in two installments. The scope of taxation are for a resident individual is assessable on income derived from sources in Malaysia and income received in Malaysia from outside Malaysia. W. e. f. Y/A 2004 income remitted into Malaysia from overseas by a resident individual, a trust body, a cooperative and a Hindu Joint Family is exempted from income tax. Second, for non-resident individual is assessable only on income derived from sources in Malaysia. -4- Third, for a resident company is assessable on income derived from Malaysia and ncome remitted to Malaysia from sources outside Malaysia. Starting Year of Assessment 1995 onwards only income derived from Malaysia are taxable. Banking, insurance, shipping and air transport businesses are taxed on world income scope. The Imputation Systems is applicable. Fourth, for a non-resident company is liable to Malaysian tax when it carries on a business through a permanent establishment in Malaysia and is assessable on income derived only from sources within Malay sia. There have two types of resident status : ) First, the resident status of individuals : For tax purposes, the tax residence status is determined by the duration of stay in Malaysia, and is not bound by reference to the nationality or citizenship. If a person stays in Malaysia for at least 182 days (not necessarily consecutive) in a calendar year, he would be treated as a resident. However, there are other conditions where the individual can be treated as a resident even if he stays for less than 182 days. An individual is resident in Malaysia in the basis year of assessment if he: is in Malaysia for not less than 182 days in the relevant basis year, is in Malaysia for a period of less than 182 days in the basis year and that period is linked to another period where he is continuously in Malaysia for not less than 182 days immediately before or after the relevant basis year. Where temporary absence occur, the period of temporary absence can be taken to form part of such period, where he is in Malaysia, immediately prior to or after the temporary absence, -5- is in Malaysia for not less than 90 days (need not be consecutive) in the asis year and is resident or has been in Malaysia for 90 days or more in 3 out of the 4 preceding years of assessment; or has not been in Malaysia in the relevant basis year but he is deemed to be resident in Malaysia in the relevant basis year if he is resident in Malaysia in the following basis year and also in the each of the 3 basis year immediately preceding the relevant basis year . Example 1: Resident Status John arrived in Malaysia on 1. 4. 2003 and stayed on until 15. 11. 2003 (total 229 days). Hence, John is resident for the year of assessment 2003 since he stayed in Malaysia for more than 182 days in the year 2003. ) Second, the resident status of companies : A company is deemed to be resident if at any time during a basis year for a Year of Assessment, the management and control of its business is exercised in Mala ysia. -6- B) QUIT RENT : Quit rent is also a type of local tax. Quit rent tax in imposes on all types of landed properties. This tax is payable annually. The rate of quit tax is 0. 003 to 0. 006 US dollars per square foot. Liability of this quit rent tax is usually figures less than 31 US dollars . Stamp duty for the transfer of the real property of RM 250,000 value is now halved. This new benefit on stamp duties was allowed on the 2008 budget. Stamp duty tax is one of the important Malaysia property taxes applicable within the country. For comparison, the stamp duties within the year 2007 and 2008 are given bellow. PRICE STAMP RM 250,000 RM 150,000 RM 350,000 STAMP DUTY IN 2007 RM 4,500 RM 2,000 RM 6,000 STAMP DUTY IN 2008 RM 2,250 (-50%) RM 1,000 (-50%) RM 6,000 (UNCHANGED) C) CAPITAL GAIN TAX : Capital gains tax is not applicable any type of income. Capital Gains tax was abolished on first April 2007. This relaxation also includes Malaysia real estate capital gains tax on all types of properties. Previously Capital Gains Tax was called Real Property Gains Tax and was applicable on the foreigners only. These Capital Gains Taxes had a direct value of 30% on all the income gains due to disposal of the property during period of five years. In this way RPGT becomes 5% thereafter. The 2012 Budget unveiled on 7 October 2011 included a revision of the Real -7- Property Gains Tax (RPGT) rate from the 5% to 10% as part of the Government’s efforts to curb property speculation. The increase was recently gazetted and took effect from 1 January 2012 onwards. Jennifer Chang studies the impact of this move on property purchasers. The rate of 10% applies to gains on properties held and disposed within two years while gains on properties held and disposed between two and five years will be levied a 5% RPGT rate and disposals after five years continue to be exempted from RPGT. RPGT is a form of capital gains tax that is chargeable on gains arising from the disposal of real property, which is defined as: †¢ Any land situated in Malaysia and any interest, option or other right in or over such land; †¢ Shares in a real property company. Anyone disposing of real property in Malaysia whether a resident or non-resident will be charged RPGT on the gains. D) INHERITANCE TAX Inheritance Tax is not assigned in Malaysia. E) OTHER TAXES VAT tax is not charged in Malaysia. On the other hand, government sale tax is charged. The value of 5% GST is assigned on all the hotel and restaurant bills. GST is also charged on other professional bills including lawyer’s bills. -8- INCOME CHARGEABLE TO TAX : ? Gains or profits from a business for whatever period of time carried on. ? Gains or profits from an employment. ? Dividends, Interests or Discounts. Rents, Royalties or Premiums. ? Pensions, annuities or other periodical payments not falling under any of the foregoing paragraphs. ? Gains or profits not falling under any of the foregoing paragraphs. ? Special classes of income. TAX EXEMPTIONS FOR INDIVIDUALS 1. Leave passages within Malaysia not exceeding three times on a year and one leave passage outside Malaysia not excee ding RM3000 2. Medical and dental benefit. 3. Retirement gratuity The full amount of gratuity received by an employee on retirement from employment is exempt if: i. He retires due to ill health; ii. He is an employee in the public sector who has opted for optional retirement or on termination of a contract of employment; or iii. If he retires at the age of 55 or at the compulsory age of retirement under any written law provided that he has been in the service of the same employer or with companies in the same group, for at least 10 years -9- 4. Compensation For loss Of Employment Compensation payment received by an employee for the loss of employment is exempt from tax at a sum of RM6, 000 per completed year of service with the same employer or with companies in the same group. However, the compensation payment received by an employee will be fully exempted from tax if the loss of employment is due to ill health. The tax exemption of RM6,000 per completed year of service is not given in respect of the compensation received by a director (not being a service director) of a controlled company. 5. Pensions Pensions received by an individual are exempt under the following conditions: I. He retires at the age of 55 or at the compulsory age of retirement under any written law; or II. He retires due to ill health For an employee in the public sector who elects for optional retirement, his pension will be taxed until he attains the age of 55 or the compulsory age of retirement under any written law. Where an individual receives more than one pension, the exemption is restricted to the highest pension received by him 6. Death gratuities. 7. Scholarships. 8. Income of an individual resident in Malaysia in respect of his appearances in cultural performances approved by the Minister. 10 9. Interests An individual resident in Malaysia is exempt from tax in espect of the interest received from the following savings or investments:- i. Interest that accrues in respect of any savings deposited with Bank Simpanan Nasional (BSN). ii. Interest or bonus which accrues in respect of money deposited with Bank Simpanan Nasional under the Save as You Earn scheme. iii. Interest which accrues on savings deposits of up to RM100, 000 with a registered cooperative society, Bank Pertan ian Malaysia, Malaysia Building Society Berhad, Borneo Housing Mortgage Finance Bhd, or with any other institution approved by the Minister of Finance. v. Bonus which accrues in respect of money deposits in any savings account with Lembaga Tabung Haji. v. Interest which accrues on savings deposits of up to RM100,000 with a bank or finance company licensed under the Banking and Financial Institutions Act 1989 (BAFIA 1989). vi. Interest which accrues in respect of any fixed deposits account (including negotiable certificates of deposits) of up to RM100,000 for a period not exceeding twelve months with Bank Pertanian Malaysia, Bank Kerjasama Rakyat Malaysia Bhg. Bank Simpanan Nasional, Borneo Housing Mortgage Finance Bhd. , Malaysia Building Society Bhd. , or a Bank of finance company licensed under BAFIA 1989. 11 vii. Interest which accrues in respect of any fixed deposit account (including negotiable certificates of deposits) for a period exceeding twelve months with Bank Pertanian Malaysia, Bank Kerjasama Rakyat Malaysia Bhd. , Bank Simpanan Nasional, Borneo Housing Mortgage Finance Bhd. , Malaysia Building Society Bhd. , or a bank or finance company licensed under BAFIA 1989. viii. Gains or profits which accrues on deposits of up to RM100,000 in respect of money deposited in any savings account under the interest-Free Banking Scheme (IFBS) with a bank or finance company licensed under BAFIA 1989 or the Islamic Banking Act 1983, Bank Kerjasama Rakyat and Bank Simpanan Nasional. ix. Gains or profits which accrues in respects of money deposited in any investment account of up to RM100,000 for a period not exceeding twelve months with a bank or finance company licensed under BAFIA 1989 or the Islamic Banking Act 1983, Bank Kerjasama Rakyat and Bank Simpanan Nasional. x. Gains or profits which accrue in respect of money deposited in any investment account for a period of twelve month of more under the interest Free Banking Scheme with a bank or finance company licensed under BAFIA 1989 or the Islamic Banking Act 1983. xi. Gains or profits which accrue in respect of money deposits in any investment account under the interest Free Banking Scheme of up to RM100,000for a period of twelve months or more with Bank Kerjasama Rakyat and Bank Simpanan Nasional. 12 xii. Interest from securities or bonds issued or guaranteed by the Malaysian Government. xiii. Interest from debenture (other than convertible loan stock) approved by the Securities Commission. xiv. Interest earned from Bon Simpanan Malaysia issued by the Bank Negara Malaysia. xv. Interest earned from the Merdeka Bonds issued by the Bank Negara Malaysia (effective year of assessment 2004). xvi. Interest earned from a unit trust which is derived from Malaysia and paid or credited by any bank or financial institution licensed under the Banking and Financial Institution Act 1989 (BAFIA 1989) or the Islamic Banking Act 1983. 10. Dividends The following dividends are exempt formed tax: I. Dividends received from exempt accounts of companies. II. Dividends received from cooperative societies. III. Dividends received from a unit trust approved by the Minister of Finance such as Amanah Saham Bumiputra. IV. Dividends received from a unit trust approved by the Minister of Finance where 90% or more of the investment is in government securities. 13 11. Royalties An individual resident in Malaysia is exempt from tax in respect of royalties are as follows: Types of Services/ Amount per annum art works payment for to be exempted (RM) i. Artistic work (other than original paintings) 6,000 ii. Recording discs or tapes 6,000 iii. Translation upon request by any agency a) of the Ministry of Education or Attomey b) General Chambers 12,000 iv. Literary work or original painting 20,000 v. Musical composition 20,000 vi. Cultural performances Approval by Minister However, the exemption does not apply to paragraph (iii), (v) and (vi), if the payment received forms part of his emoluments in the exercise of the individuals official duties. 12. Income Remitted from Outside Malaysia With effect from the year of assessment 2004, income derived from outside Malaysia and received in Malaysia by resident individual is exempted from tax. 3. Fees or Honorarium for Expert Services With effect from the year of assessment 2004, fees or honorarium received by an individual in respect of services provided for purposes of validation, moderation or accreditation of franchised education programs in higher educational institutions is exempted. The services provided by an individual concerned have to be verified and acknowledged by the Lembaga Akreditasi Negara (LAN). However, the exemption does not apply if the payment received forms part of his emoluments in the exercise of his official duties. 14 14. Income Derived from Research Findings With effect from the year of assessment 2004, income received by an individual from the commercialization of the scientific research finding is given tax exemption of 50% on the statutory income in the basis year for a year of assessment for 5 years from the date the payment is made. The individual scientist who received the said payment must be a citizen and a resident in Malaysia. The commercialized research findings must be verified by the Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment. NOTIFICATION OF CHARGEABILITY TO TAX If an individual is taxable and has never received any income tax return form before, he has a duty to notify chargeability to the nearest LHDNM office and request for an Income Tax Return Form. If an individual already has an income tax file but has not receive an income tax return form by 31st March, he must immediately request for the said form from the LHDNM office which issued his last income tax return form. A taxpayer could also download an income tax return form from the LHDNM website http://www. hasil. rg. my. He must then complete and submit the return to the LHDNM office using the address where his income tax file is situated. In the case of a foreigner employed in this country he must give notice of chargeability to the nearest LHDNM office within 2 months of arrival in Malaysia. 15 FILING OF TAX RETURN The completed and signed Income Tax Return is substituted to LHDNM office before or by the required date, and the completed tax retu rn should be sent to the address of LHDNM office indicated on the said form. NON-RESIDENT CITIZEN RELIEF 1. Non-Resident Citizen Relief shall be allowed to an individual who is a citizen but not resident for the basis year for a year of assessment by reason of his employment (in the public services or the services of a statutory authority) which is exercised outside Malaysia 2. An individual who is claiming relief under this provision, should make his claim in the prescribed form and should furnish such further particulars as may be required by the LHDNM. TEMPORARY VISITORS PROFESSIONAL VISIT PASS All non-residents entering Malaysia using professional visit passes (excluding public entertainers) are categorized as temporary visitors. A sponsor for a temporary visitor is required to submit a letter of notification from the LHDNM to the Immigration Department when applying for a professional visit pass. The sponsor should make a written application to the LHDNM providing personal details of the temporary visitor and also submit a copy of the contract / offer letter or other relevant documents. The application for the letter of notification has to be made to: Director, Inland Revenue Board of Malaysia, Non-Resident Branch, Unit 11 (NR/IV),10th 11th Floor, Block 11, Government Office Complex, Jalan Duta, 50600 Kuala Lumpur . 16 IMPUTATION SYSTEM The income tax chargeable on a resident company is credited into a tax account which can be utilized to frank payment of dividends to shareholders. Income tax paid by a company is imputed to the shareholders by means of imputation credits attached to dividends. Where the franking of payment of dividends exceeds the tax credit available in the tax account, the deficit become s a debt due which is payable by the company upon requisition. The imputation system does not apply to a non-resident company and such companies are not subject to dividend franking. WHY MALAYSIA’S GOVERNMENT IMPOSE PROPERTY TAX ? MALAYSIA’ We take RPGT as one of property tax that government imposed in Malaysia . There are many reasons why RPGT is imposed . One of the more significant reasons why the government imposes this tax is to curb property speculation to avoid property bubbles forming . From time to time, the government may decide to increase or decrease RPGT to suit their agenda e. g. they could reduce RPGT to encourage investments (this actually happened between 1 April 2007 – 31 December 2009 where property transactions during this period were exempted from RPGT to spur investments) . The other obvious reason is that RPGT is a source of revenue for the government to develop the nation . WHO PAY THE PROPERTY TAX 1) Resident in Malaysia 2) Non-Resident who live in Malaysia and have assets 3) Companies that operating in Malaysia 17 TREND OF PROPERTY TAX IN MALAYSIA Diagram below shows the trends of the property tax in Malaysia from 1974 up to 2012 . Due to amendment that are made in the budget 2013, there are changes that are happening in the RPGT rate where there is an increase in the amounts of tax eing imposed . This changes that are made are due to the facts to reduce the factor of speculation that are making the price of land and houses to increase rapidly . 18 IMPACTS OF RPGT According to property consultant and analysts, the hike increase of Real Property Gains Tax (RPGT) in the budget 2013 will have very little impact . The increase of RPGT from 10% to 15% will barely give any impacts on the speculation even though the reason for the increase of tax are f or the purpose of solving speculation on houses . Reason as to why there barely any impact or little impact from the increase on RPGT tax rate are due to the facts that, the time taken for houses to be completed upon buying are 2 to 3 years and when the house are finish and ready to be live in or sold, its already 4 or 5 years and the rate of RPGT tax are already little as the periods of RPGT tax covers are only up to 6 years maximize . Taking that into consideration plus the fact that the price of houses are keep on rising, the impact that RPGT are very little . CONCLUSION The property tax in Malaysia can be consider as in the testing period as it just currently being reimposed . Which means that, the current rate of RPGT will change in the near future due to the rising trends of property in Malaysia especially in the housing sectors . The RPGT tax rate can be consider as a tool to reduce speculation of property in the short run,where as, in the long run the impacts that it will have is going to be very little . 19 REFERENCE 1. http://www. ipbre. com/countryProfile/Malaysia/Taxes/ 2. https://docs. google. com/viewer? a=vq=cache:Dj8b9BrRMAIJ:www. harteredaccountants. com. my/resources_assessment. pdf+hl=engl=mypid=blsrci d=ADGEESh8gp__2jEbPCrYONnp3AqFbAij_CBwdwbrQy0Re1bdAGCyoE oeKD7wS88c5AVLJLyDrzOuoYBPANEFQ3XpK5lBTfXQpXTfuDkNuwpD i_r2aMZxYDY0cBbZfKHS5o15HuPCjosig=AHIEtbRFB6TA8WHt5oQfy w1Y-pQs3k0smw 3. http://www. iproperty. com. my/news/5061/real-property-gains-tax-rpgt-the-propertyowner 4. http://savemoney. my/real-property-gains-tax-in-malaysia/ 5. www. iproperty. com. my/news/4258/real-property-gains-tax-gradual-impact 6. thestar. com. my/news/story. asp? file=/2012/9/29/budget/12101379sec=budget 20 APPENDIX 21 22 23